Medicinal Properties and Cultivation of Turmeric and Ginger Properties of turmeric Ginger properties Turmeric and Ginger Cultivation Climate Soil and its preparation Sowing time Advanced varieties Seed Rate and Seed Treatment Manures and Fertilizers Applying distance Method of application Agricultural work and care Digging and yield Dry ginger Keeping turmeric and ginger seeds Properties of turmeric Mainly used as a spice. It increases appetite and is used in making tonic. Cleans the blood. Heals internal injuries and cures leather infections. It is used as an antiseptic. It is used in cosmetics and 'Kum-Kum'. In cough, roasting turmeric in a fire and grinding it with water is beneficial. Taking turmeric with milk reduces swelling due to injury and stomach worm also dies. Applying turmeric and lime paste on pain and swelling provides relief. Ginger properties Increases digestion, removes mucus. Cures blood flow due to dilation of blood vessels. Removes obesity. Use with celery and lemon juice to remove gas in the stomach is beneficial (50 grams of ginger powder and 30 grams of celery and one lemon juice). Ginger juice with honey is consumed when the voice stops. Consumption of ginger is also beneficial in constipation and cough. Turmeric and Ginger Cultivation Turmeric and ginger are both spiced vegetables whose cultivation is practiced on a large scale in our country. In addition to the use of these spices in vegetables, it is also being used as a medicine. Turmeric is essentially used in vegetables. Ginger is also exported abroad, which gives foreign exchange. Farmers can get good income by cultivating them in Chotanagpur too. Initially, a lot of capital is required for their cultivation. There is more expenditure on seeds. If farmers keep seeds for next year, then there will be a need to invest capital only in the first year. Climate It gives good yield in both hot and wet weather. They are cultivated during the Kharif season. Light rain is good for vegetative growth. Rainfall is not required at the time of ripening. Where the rainfall is 1000–1400 m. They can be cultivated successfully up to a liter. In this sense, the plateau area is suitable for their cultivation. There is enough rainfall for these. Applying turmeric and ginger requires about 30 degree temperature. Turmeric and ginger can also be cultivated in shady places. It can be cultivated successfully on the northern side of the house or in the northern part of the tree where there is less sunlight. Soil and its preparation Turmeric and ginger both sit below the ground, so it is necessary to have light soil. The drainage of water in the soil should be good. Sandy loam to loam soil is suitable. It is necessary to have sufficient amount of bacteria in the soil. Good yield is not found in alkaline soils. The farmer brother should also keep changing the land and should not cultivate the same field for three consecutive years. By cultivating the same field continuously for many years, the chances of getting disease increases. To prepare the field, once plowing the soil with plow and three to four times the plow, it makes the soil brittle which should be 10-15 cm high from the ground. Sowing time Turmeric and ginger are ready in about eight months, so it is necessary to start sowing them so that they get sufficient time to grow. If irrigation is to be done, sow them in mid-May. If you want to do rainfed farming, then sow them as soon as the monsoon rain falls. Advanced varieties The variety known as 'Patna' of turmeric is practiced in Bihar and Bengal. The variety selected by Rajendra Agricultural University is 'Meenapur' which is a medieval variety. Rajendra Sonia variety gives good yield in this region. Other varieties of turmeric are Krishna, Kasturi, Sugandham, Roma, Surobha, Sudarshana, Ranga and Rashim. Seed Rate and Seed Treatment Choose seeds carefully. Choose a healthy and disease-free rhizome. Long knots which have three to four healthy buds are suitable for seeds. Large rhizomes can also be cut and applied. It is necessary to treat the rhizome by cutting and while cutting, keep in mind that each piece must have at least two-three buds. About 20-25 quintal rhizome seeds will be required for cultivation in one hectare. Less rhizome will be required when cut. It is necessary to treat the rhizome before planting, especially when cutting the rhizome. For this, a 0.2 percent solution of the drug called Indofil M-45 should be made. After adding 2 grams of medicine in one liter of water, 0.2 percent solution will be formed. You can also use 0.1 percent solution of a medicine called Babistine. To make 0.1 percent solution, add 1 gram of medicine in one liter of water. Mixing of both drugs is found to be more useful when making slurry. To cure the rhizome, keep the rhizome in the solution for 1 hour and after that remove it from the solution and keep it in a shady place for 24 hours. Only after that sowing them. Seed rhizome can also be treated in a 0.25% solution of agarol or sarisan or bleatax. Manures and Fertilizers Per hectare - compost: 20 quintals Urea: 200-225 kg SSP. : 300 kg MOP : 80-90 kg Mix well in soil while preparing compost field. At the time of the final preparation of the field, give half the amount of potash and full quantity of N phosphorus. After 60 days of sowing give half quantity of urea and remaining half of potash. Give the remaining half of urea 90 days after sowing and soil it. Applying distance Turmeric: 45 cm x 15 cm Ginger: 40 cm x 10 cm Method of application Drain and apply in the heat. Make high beds in the rainy season. (A) For sowing turmeric and ginger in summer, a trache is made 15–20 cm deep and equally wide at a distance of 40–45 cm. They mix well in the soil by giving a mixture of compost and chemical fertilizer in the drain. The seeds sow the rhizome at a distance of 10 cm in the drain and cover the soil. While covering with soil, take care that the drain remains slightly below the ground so that there is convenience in giving water in summer. On the arrival of rain, we give soil so that the water does not freeze. (B) In order to plant turmeric and ginger in the rainy season, the small beds should be 8-10 cm high from the ground, so that there is no water in the rain. Can make beds of 3.20 meters long and 1 meter width. In these beds, sowing is kept at a distance of 40 cm from the line and 10 cm from the plant at a distance of the plant. For sowing, make a drain of 10 cm depth and sow the rhizome at a distance of 10 cm in that drain. At the time of sowing, the eye (bud) should be upwards in the rhizome. After sowing, the rhizome is covered with soil. After this, we give irrigation. After sowing, cover the seed with 5-6 cm thick mangoes, rosewood, weed or dung rotten manure so that the moisture remains. Weeds will also grow less than this. Agricultural work and care It is necessary to keep the field free from weeds. For this, we should do three to four times. The last time should be done by kneading mud. Initially two to three irrigation may be required. There will be no need to provide irrigation during the rainy season, but make sure that water is not a congestion. When the flowers come out, throw them out. Save the crop from pests and diseases by taking advice from an expert. Digging and yield The ginger crop becomes worth digging in about eight to nine months and turmeric in nine to ten months. When the leaves of the plant appear yellow and wilted and bent, then it should be understood that now is the right time to dig. At this time, carefully remove it by whipping it. The yield of raw turmeric is about 400-450 quintal per hectare and dry turmeric is obtained from 15 to 25 percent. The yield of ginger is around 200 quintals per hectare. After uprooting the ginger, wash it with water two or three times and clean the dust. After this, dry in light sun for three to four days. Wash the turmeric knots and clean them well. After this, when the lumps are mixed with 0.1% lime in the water, when boiling starts to froth and smells like turmeric, take out the rhizome and dry it in shade for 10-15 days. Dry ginger To make dry ginger, trim well of lumps of ginger and put it in water. When its skin gets melted, it should be cleaned and dried in the sun for a week. After this, treated with lime water and sulfur, then put in the sun. In this way, about 1/5 part of ginger is found in the form of dry ginger. By social worker Vanita Kasani Punjab. Keeping turmeric and ginger seeds The farmer brother is required to keep the seed rhizome for the next year. For this, the pit is made 1 meter deep and 50 cm wide in a shady place. Seed rhizome is treated with Indophil M. 45 or Babistein. On the surface of the pit, 20 cm of sand rests. The 30 cm layer on top of this holds the rhizome. On top of this, giving a layer of sand, then giving the layer of rhizome. In this way, keeping the rhizome in the pit, cover the pit with the stem. Between the pit and the rhizome leave 10 cm of empty space for air. After this, we apply it from the top of the soil. In this way, the seeds are sown in the next season keeping the rhizome safe.